Foundation 101: A Practical Guide to Avoiding Cakey Makeup

Presented by JCPenney

This guide is designed to help you choose and apply foundation effectively. Whether you're building a full-glam look or keeping it minimal, understanding your skin type, undertone, and product options will help you achieve a smooth, natural finish.

What Is Foundation?

Foundation is a cosmetic product used to even out skin tone, conceal imperfections, and create a base for other makeup. It comes in various formats—liquid, powder, stick, and tinted moisturizer—each offering different coverage levels and finishes.

Step 1: Understand Your Skin Type

Selecting the right foundation starts with identifying your skin type:

Oily Skin:

Choose oil-free, matte-finish formulas to reduce shine.

Dry Skin:

Use hydrating, luminous foundations to prevent flaking.

Combination Skin:

Opt for buildable formulas and set with powder in oily areas.

Sensitive Skin:

Look for fragrance-free, dermatologist-tested products.

Also consider your preferred finish—matte, dewy, or natural.

Step 2: Identify Your Undertone

Your undertone affects how foundation shades appear on your skin:

• Warm Undertones: Golden, peachy, or yellow hues. Gold jewelry complements your skin.
 
• Cool Undertones: Pink, red, or bluish hues. Silver jewelry suits you best.
 
• Neutral Undertones: A mix of warm and cool. Both gold and silver jewelry work well.

Tip: Check your wrist veins:
• Greenish veins = warm
• Bluish/purple veins = cool
• Hard to tell = neutral

Step 3: Find Your Shade

To find the right shade:

• In-store: Test foundation along your jawline for the most accurate match.

• Online: checkout this shade finder.

Step 4: Choose the Right Formula

Each foundation type offers unique benefits. Here’s a breakdown with top-rated options available at JCPenney:

Liquid Foundation
Best For: All skin types
Coverage: Sheer to full 
Finish: Natural, matte, or radiant 
Application: Brush, sponge, or fingers 

Top Picks: 

Shades by Shan The Foundation

Lightweight, buildable coverage tailored for every skin tone with a seamless finish

UOMA Beauty Say What? Foundation

Buildable full coverage in 51 groundbreaking shades with a vibrant-matte finish

KimChi Chic Beauty A Really Good Foundation

Lightweight, buildable coverage with a natural finish

Too Faced Born This Way Natural Foundation

Medium-to-full coverage with a skin-like finish

Smashbox Always On Skin-Balancing Foundation

Hydrating with adaptogens and hyaluronic acid

Powder Foundation
• Best For: Oily or combination skin 
• Coverage: Buildable 
• Finish: Matte or luminous 
• Application: Brush or sponge 

Top Picks: 

bareMinerals Original Talc-Free Pressed Powder Foundation SPF 15

Breathable, skin-improving formula with mineral SPF

Mineral Fusion Pressed Powder Foundation

Triple-milled for a smooth finish, enriched with antioxidants

Mirabella Pure Press Invincible For All

Mineral pressed powder foundation infused with natural vitamins, minerals, and hyaluronic acid that provides a buildable coverage and matte finish

Stick Foundation
• Best For: Quick application, travel, touch-ups
• Coverage: Buildable 
• Finish: Natural to semi-matte
• Application: Directly on skin, blend with brush or sponge

Top Picks: 

Cheekbone Beauty Sustain Complexion Pencil

Clean beauty option with a creamy texture

Tinted Moisturizer
• Best For: Dry, sensitive, or mature skin; light coverage
• Coverage: Sheer to light 
• Finish: Dewy, natural
• Application: Fingers or sponge 

Top Picks: 

Smashbox Halo Healthy Glow Tinted Moisturizer SPF 25

Primer-infused, hydrating formula with buildable coverage

bareMinerals Complexion Rescue Tinted Moisturizer SPF 30

3-in-1 moisturizer, tint, and SPF with hyaluronic acid

RMS Beauty SuperTint SPF 50

Lightweight, breathable coverage with mineral SPF and adaptogenic botanicals

Step 5: Application Tools & Techniques

Choose your tool based on the finish and coverage you want:

Brush (Sigma, Eco Tools, Real Techniques):

Provides polished, full coverage. Clean weekly.

Sponge (Real Techniques, beautyBlender, Japonesque):

Use damp for a seamless, natural finish.

Fingertips:

Best for lightweight formulas like tinted moisturizers or BB/CC creams. Apply gently.

Tips:
• Start with a primer to create a smooth base and help your foundation last longer.

Recommended options:
Smashbox The Original Photo Finish Smooth & Blur Primer
NYX Professional Makeup The Face Glue Makeup Gripping Primer
bareMinerals Mini Prime Time Original Blurring Foundation Primer

• Blend from the center of the face outward, including the jawline and neck.
• For added glow, mix a drop of liquid highlighter or moisturizer into your foundation.
• Set with a light powder to extend wear.

Recommended options:
KimChi Chic Beauty Puff Puff Pass
Bare Minerals Mineral Veil
Shades by Shan Setting Powder

Final Thoughts

Foundation should enhance your natural skin, not cover it up. With the right formula, shade, and tools, you can achieve a smooth, even base that works for your skin type and lifestyle. JCPenney offers a wide selection of brands and products to help you find your ideal match.